Madagascar is a large island located in the Indian Ocean off the southeastern coast of Africa. It is known for its exceptional biodiversity, with many plant and animal species found nowhere else in the world. The population is predominantly of Malagasy descent, with a rich culture influenced by various traditions. Economically, Madagascar faces challenges, with much of the population living in poverty. Agriculture, tourism, and mining industries are among the key economic sectors. Despite periods of political instability, Madagascar remains an attractive destination for travelers due to its unique wildlife, landscapes, and culture.

The monetary history of Madagascar has undergone significant transitions over the centuries. Prior to European colonization, bartering and the use of traditional currencies were common. During French colonization, the French franc was introduced and used alongside local currencies. Following independence in 1960, Madagascar issued its own currency, the Malagasy franc. In 2005, the ariary replaced the Malagasy franc as the official currency, with a conversion rate of 1 ariary to 5 Malagasy francs. This transition aimed to consolidate the country's economic identity. Since then, the Central Bank of Madagascar has been issuing banknotes and coins depicting Malagasy culture and the rich diversity of the island's fauna and flora.