The theory of relativity, developed by Albert Einstein, is a cornerstone of modern physics. It consists of two main branches: special relativity and general relativity. Special relativity, formulated in 1905, posits that the laws of physics are the same for all inertial observers and introduces concepts such as time dilation and the equivalence of mass and energy (E=mc²). General relativity, put forth in 1915, extends these principles to include gravity, explaining how the presence of mass curves spacetime. This theory has been confirmed by numerous experiments and observations, revolutionizing our understanding of the universe and finding applications in various fields, from cosmology to GPS technology.
